Chapter 5
Development of research work of the Institute for industrial progress (1981-1990)
Perfecting of a structure of departments of institute, research part increase and retrieval scientific work, solidifying of interaction of the institute, Special Design Bureau and pilot factory within one decade 1981-1990 was directed on solution of three primal problems. It was necessary to substantiate technological development with fundamental scientific outcomes, to update and to expand research work. For increase of the practical response from scientific outcomes communication with the main branch ministries, their technical managements and institutes were consolidated. Especially it concerned to Ministry of equipment industry and Ministry of oil and gas industry. Regularly, thematicall scientific teams and teams of manufacturers went to St. Petersburg, Riga, Tallinn, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Yakutia, Khabarovsk, Romsomolsk-na-Amure, Vladivostok, Tashkent, Yerevan, Perm, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka, Iuzhnosahalinsk, Minsk, Bryansk and other cities. On places, at the enterprises they decided problems of primary application, increase of productivity, broad spanning by the experts of the enterprises of tool development and domestic new diamond technologies.
The horizons of international cooperation have extended. Now not only in countries of Comecon the scientists and experts of institute productively worked. Was established partnership with the directors of the enterprises, which recently were our competitors. The agreements for cooperation, the exchanges by visits realized with centers "General Electric" in Schenectady and Worthington (USA), "De Beers" in England, Ireland and South Africa, "Sumitomo" in Osaka (Japan) etc.
The beginning of the issue in first half of the sixtieths in industrial developed countries of synthetic diamonds has caused creation of a high-power specialized industry developing and producing diverse diamond tools for processing of natural stone and building materials, drilling and mountain business.
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| Академик НАНУ Н. В. Новиков (ИСМ НАНУ, г. Киев) и профессор В. Ф. Романов (ВНИИАЛМАЗ Минстанкопрома, г. Москва) – руководители двух тесно сотрудничавших институтов. |
The diamonds have found broad application in optical industry, in electronics engineering, in other defensive areas.
Institute for Superhard Materials of NAS of Ukraine - one of the first in world practice of the began to introduce synthetic diamonds into agricultural production, in food-processing industry, expanded their application in rock-destroying tools and, in particular, for drilling and processing of natural and building materials. The complexity and specificity of work consist not only in organization of production of large volumes of synthetic diamonds with broad scale of granularity and properties, but also in the substantiation of special requests to metals and alloys used in constructions of tools of various classes in development of a set diverse special bunches, technologies of composite diamond-containing materials sintering, soldering, balancing, technology of operation, development and adjustment of the industrial production of the appropriate process equipment and in many other areas enveloping all main lines of business of modern science.
Within the 80-th in ISM the fundamental basics one from the uncommon, complicated and actual scientific directions of modern material science - composite diamond-containing materials were incorporated..
Second half of 80-th was darken because of the Chernobyl tragedy. There is no branch of science and production, which, more or less, would not be involved into solution of Chernobyl problems. ISM has not become a elimination. For the experts of the institute the task to render the technical help to Chernobyl was clear and quite feasible. The difficulty was inconceivable urgency.
One from main problems of liquidation of consequences of ecological catastrophe at the first hours and days after the accident on Chernobyl Atom Electric Plant was the decrease of radiation level above abnormal 4-th block. With this purpose in epicenter of the accident by helicopters was dropped about 10 thousand tons of sand and other isolating materials that has caused threat of formation of a crack in base, on which the blocks № 3 and 4 of CAEP are built.
It would cause an outflow of radioactive materials in water-bearing horizons of the ground that would aggravate the situation. A complex of work on solidifying the basis of the footing therefore was conducted by freezing the ground. For submission of cooling agents there was a necessity to drill under the plate about 50 horizontal slits of length 110 meters each. There were no necessary drilling rigs in Ukraine. In this work the special drilling rigs of Japanese firm permitting drill horizontal slits in unstable breeds with simultaneous strengthening of walls of a slit boring casing were used. The machine tools were delivered by airplanes from Baykal-Amur Railroad, but without drilling pipes and drilling tools. The headquarters of the Counciof Ministries of Ukr. SSR on liquidation of consequences of failure has entrusted the institute to supply installations with special drilling tools and to render the technical help in it application.
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| Работа на новом растровом электронном микроскопе фирмы «Zeiss EVO 50XVP», укомплектованном энергодисперсным анализатором рентгеновских спектров и детектором дифракции отраженных электронов «INCAPenteFETx3 INCA Crystal 300» (Германия). |
In the institute was created a workgroup (I.A. Sveshnikov, E.D.Skliarov, A.L. Krasnyi) and the day-night industrial work on fulfillment of the task of the governmental headquarters was organized.
The scientific achievements confirmed by industrial introduced mechanisms, used in various branches, is the best characteristic of activity of the Institute for Superhard Materials in the 80 of the past century.
The high-power scientific and technical potential of collective in those years, was far from being completely claimed, has not disappeared anywhere. It waits for the hour, searches for the investors, which on a new coil of a spiral will come and will take all huge experience of research ideas, effectively will apply the recommendations of the scientists. And the always perfect diamond will begin to shine by the numerous edges in new light. It is the inheritance to the new generation. Those who studied, opened, proved the discoveries, always keeps the scientific studies for new generations, diligent, ardent, seeking for the truth.
